Camellias in Southern California

A number of Camellia species do well in Southern California.  Among them are Camellia sasanqua, a shrub often used in a sunny landscape, as a border hedge or as an espalier; C. reticulata, which thrives in partial shade and produces spectacular blooms, and C. japonica, a relatively shade-loving variety that is by far the most widely planted.

Exposure
Grow camellias under large shade trees or structures that provide partial shade, or on the north or east side of a building where the overhang will supply shade and afternoon sun is blocked out. Camellias do not tolerate ocean spray, salty soils, low humidity or high temperatures. Consequently, they do not grow well in coastal or desert areas.

Planting
Many problems associated with camellias can be traced to the original planting. Good soil drainage is essential, as camellias require constant moisture but are unable to survive soils that hold water for long periods of time. Roots should be close to the surface. A common mistake is planting a new plant's root ball too deep.

Watering
Winter-blooming camellias need adequate moisture throughout the year. Water deficiency during summer can cause flower buds to drop in the fall/winter or result in smaller-than-normal flowers. During summer wash the foliage to remove dust and grime, to cool the plant and to increase the humidity.

Fertilizing
Many fertilizers on the market are labeled specifically for camellias and azaleas. Follow package recommendations for the amount and application directions, with the following precautions: 1. Don't apply fertilizer to thirsty plant, water thoroughly the day before. 2. Don't apply fertilizer during or immediately after the plant's dormant period (typically September 1 to April 1 when the plants are in bloom). Scatter fertilizer under the drip-line of the plant and water thoroughly. Apply two to three applications of fertilizer after the dormant period (after flowering). Repeat application after 45 days.

Maintenance
To protect surface roots from summer heat and lack of moisture, apply organic mulch several inches deep, keeping it away from the main trunk. Remove dead flowers and foliage from the mulch each year to help prevent the spread of petal blight, which lives from season to season on spent flowers.